Mixed, Cross, or Purebred?

Purebred dogs are usually intentionally produced to certain breed standards, such as shape, size, and temperament.

This is the most important reason why choosing a specific breed is the most reliable way to find a dog with the temperament you want. Crossbred dogs are mixes of two purebreds.

For example, a Cocker Spaniel crossed with a Miniature Poodle is known as a "Cockerpoo." Most crossbreds are accidents, but usually glorious accidents.

They also have reasonably predictable temperaments and needs derived from the known needs of their purebred parents. Mongrels are mixed or random-bred dogs.

Their ancestry is unknown, but that makes them no less valuable as family dogs. Mixed-breed dogs have a distinct advantage over purebreds.

Most purebred dogs have developed from a small genetic base, which produces consistent size, shape, and personality, but also concentrates dangerous genes that increase medical risk.

For example, Cavalier King Charles Spaniels are prone to heart disease, West Highland White Terriers to skin disorders, Golden Retrievers to hip and elbow conditions, German Shepherd Dogs to bowel complaints, and Bernese Mountain Dogs to cancer.

Mongrels are just as prone to infection and injury as purebreds, but have a far lower risk of inherited diseases.